徑向不平衡力的產生：液壓力 液體分布規(guī)律：從高壓腔到低壓腔，沿齒輪外的壓力逐齒降低p↑，徑向不平衡力增大齒輪和軸承受到很大的沖擊載荷，產生振動和噪聲 改善措施：縮小壓油口，以減小壓力油作用面積增加泵體內表面與齒頂間隙之間的壓力平衡槽將降低體積效率 總之：泵壓力愈高，泄漏愈大。
提高齒輪泵壓力的方法： 浮動軸套補償原理：將壓力油引入軸套背面，使其靠近齒輪端面，補償磨損，減少間隙 彈性側板補償原理：通過側板本身的變形，將泵出口壓力油引至側板背面，以補償端面間隙 外嚙合齒輪泵的優(yōu)點 1.結構簡單，制造方便，價格低廉 2.結構緊湊，體積小，重量輕 3.自吸性能好，對油污不敏感 4.工作可靠，便于維護 外嚙合齒輪泵的缺點 1.流量脈動大 2.噪聲大 3.排量不可調 嚙合齒輪泵由小齒輪、內齒環(huán)、月牙隔板等組成 工作原理:小齒輪帶動內齒環(huán)同向異速旋轉，左半部分輪齒退出嚙合，形成真空吸油。
右半部分輪齒退出嚙合，容積減小，壓油月牙板同兩齒輪將吸壓油口隔開 擺線齒形內嚙合齒輪泵由內外轉子相差一齒組成，有偏心距離 工作原理：吸油—左半部分，輪齒脫開嚙合容積↑，壓油—右半部分，輪齒進入嚙合容積↓ 特點:結構緊湊，尺寸小，重量輕，運轉平穩(wěn)，噪聲小流量脈動小。
但齒形復雜，加工困難，價格昂貴 螺桿泵組成 一根主動螺桿——雙頭、右旋、凸螺桿 兩個從動螺桿-雙頭，左旋，凹螺桿，安裝在泵體內，與其他部件形成螺桿泵 螺桿泵工作原理：V密形成，V密變化，吸壓油口隔開 V密形成必須滿足四個密封條件，才能形成空間八字形密封容積： 1主從動螺桿共扼 2螺桿根數和螺紋頭數必須滿足一定關系 3泵體最小長度應大于螺桿的導程 4保證最小徑向間隙 V密變化：當主動螺桿逆時針方向旋轉時：左面吸油，右面壓油 吸壓油口隔開：滿足上述四個密封條件 特點:結構簡單，體積小，重量輕，運行穩(wěn)定、噪音低、使用壽命長、流量均勻、自吸能力強、體積效率高、無油現象；但螺桿齒形復雜，加工難度大，精度難以保證。
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